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Advanced Multimedia Supplements API (JSR-234).

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          Description

Packages
javax.microedition.amms This package introduces four new concepts: GlobalManager, Spectator, Module and MediaProcessor.
javax.microedition.amms.control This package contains Controls for setting formats, for defining the effect processing network structure and for setting the audio panning.
javax.microedition.amms.control.audio3d This package contains Controls for various 3D audio settings.
javax.microedition.amms.control.audioeffect This package contains EffectControls for audio and related assisting Controls.
javax.microedition.amms.control.camera This package contains Controls for various camera settings.
javax.microedition.amms.control.imageeffect This package contains EffectControls for video and for still images.
javax.microedition.amms.control.tuner This package contains Controls for various tuner settings.

 

Advanced Multimedia Supplements API (JSR-234).

This document defines JSR-234, Advanced Multimedia Supplements API, version 1.0.

Author: JSR-234 Expert Group (e-mail: [email protected])

Status: Final Release

Released: 2005-05-17

Copyright © 2004-2005 Nokia Corporation

Revision History

Date
Version
15-April-2004
Early Draft Review
16-July-2004
Public Review
28-September-2004
Proposed Final Draft
18-March-2005
 Final Draft
17-May-2005
 Version 1.0: Final Release

RESEARCH AND EVALUATION LICENSE

NOKIA CORPORATION IS WILLING TO LICENSE THIS SPECIFICATION TO YOU ONLY UPON THE TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS LICENSE ("LICENSE"). PLEASE READ THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE CAREFULLY. BY ACCESSING OR USING THE SPECIFICATION YOU WILL BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE.

JSR-234 Advanced Multimedia Supplements Specification ("Specification")

Specification Lead: Nokia Corporation ("Specification Lead")

1. NOTICE; LIMITED LICENSE GRANTS

1.1 The Specification Lead hereby grants You a non-exclusive, non-transferable, worldwide, royalty-free, fully paid-up, limited license (without the right to sublicense) solely under intellectual property rights licensable by the Specification Lead to analyze and to use the Specification for research, evaluation, optimization and development purposes. In addition You may make a reasonable number of verbatim copies of this Specification in its entirety for Your private or internal use, as applicable, in accordance with the terms and conditions of this License.

1.2 No rights are granted under this License for internal deployment, the creation and/or distribution of implementations of the Specification for direct or indirect (including strategic) gain or advantage, the modification of the Specification (other than to the extent of Your fair use rights) or the distribution of the Specification or making the Specification available for 3rd parties.

1.3 Except as expressly set forth in this license, You acquire no right, title or interest in or to Specification or any other intellectual property licensable by the Specification Lead and no other rights are granted by implication, estoppel or otherwise. The Specification may only be used in accordance with the license terms set forth herein. This License will terminate immediately without notice from Specification Lead if You fail to comply with any provision of this License.

2. TRADEMARKS

2.1 Nokia is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Nokia Corporation's product names are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation. Your access to this Specification should not be construed as granting, by implication, estoppel or otherwise, any license or right to use any marks appearing in the Specification without the prior written consent of Nokia Corporation or Nokia's licensors. No right, title, or interest in or to any trademarks, service marks, or trade names of any third parties, is granted hereunder.

2.2 You shall not be allowed to remove any of the copyright statements or disclaimers or other proprietary notices contained in the Specification and You are obliged to include the copyright statement and the disclaimers, if any, in any copies of the Specification You make.

3. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES

3.1 SUBJECT TO ANY STATUTORY WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS WHICH CAN NOT BE EXCLUDED, THE SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, AND STATUTORY ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED. THE ENTIRE RISK ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE SPECIFICATION REMAINS WITH YOU.

3.2 THE SPECIFICATION MAY INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS. CHANGES ARE PERIODICALLY ADDED TO THE INFORMATION THEREIN; THESE CHANGES WILL BE INCORPORATED INTO NEW VERSIONS OF THE SPECIFICATION, IF ANY. SPECIFICATION LEAD MAY MAKE IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR CHANGES TO THE PRODUCT(S) AND/OR THE PROGRAM(S) DESCRIBED IN THE SPECIFICATION AT ANY TIME. Any use of such changes in the Specification will be governed by the then-current license for the applicable version of the Specification.

4. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

4.1 TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL THE SPECIFICATION LEAD OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS, LOST REVENUE, LOST DATA, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUE GOODS, OR FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTIAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF THE SPECIFICATION LEAD OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES OR DAMAGES. IN ADDITION THE SPECIFICATION LEAD AND ITS SUPPLIERS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES CLAIMED BY YOU BASED ON ANY THIRD PARTY CLAIM.

4.2 Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, or the limitation for consequential damages, so Section 4.1 may not apply to You in whole, but in such case Section 4.1 will apply to You to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law.

5. EXPORT CONTROL

5.1 You shall follow all export control laws and regulations relating to Specification.

6. RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND

6.1 Note to U.S. Government Users. The Specification is a "Commercial Items", as that term is defined at 48 C.F.R. 2. 101, consisting of "Commercial Computer Software" and "Commercial Computer Software Documentation", as such terms are used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 or 48 C.F.R. 227.7202, as applicable. Consistent with 48 C.F.R. 12.212 or 48 C.F.R. 227.7202-1 through 227.7202-4, as applicable, the Commercial Computer Software Documentation are being licensed to U.S. Government end users a) only as Commercial Items and b) with only those rights as are granted to all other end users pursuant to the terms and conditions herein. Unpublished-rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States.

This specification was produced by the JSR-234 Expert Group in the Java Community Process (JCP). For more information, visit the JSR-234 web page.

Expert Group

The Advanced Multimedia Supplements API (JSR-234) Expert Group consisted of the following companies and individuals:
Nokia Corporation (Specification Lead)
Aplix Corporation
Beatnik, Inc.
Beijing ZRRT Communications Technology Co. Ltd.
Cap Gemini
Creative Labs, Inc.
Ericsson AB
Esmertec AG
FueTrek Co., Ltd.
HI Corporation
iaSolution Inc.
IBM
Jarrett, Steve
Motorola
Samsung Electronics Corporation
Sharp Corporation
Sonaptic Ltd.
Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Symbian Ltd.
Vodafone Group Services Ltd.

Related Literature

The Java Language Specification by James Gosling, Bill Joy, and Guy L. Steele. Addison-Wesley, 1996, ISBN 0-201-63451-1
Connected, Limited Device Configuration (JSR-30)
Connected Device Configuration (JSR-36)
Mobile Information Device Profile (JSR-37)
Mobile Information Device Profile 2.0 (JSR-118)
Mobile Media API 1.1 (JSR-135)

Overview of Advanced Multimedia Supplements

Advanced Multimedia Supplements (AMMS) builds on the framework already established in the Mobile Media API (MMAPI) (JSR-135). AMMS adds many new Controls (in javax.microedition.amms.control and subpackages). Besides new Controls, several new extensions have also been added to the MMAPI framework (in javax.microedition.amms).

This section provides a high-level overview of different parts of the API. Short code examples in the Usage Scenarios section illustrate practical use of the API.

Advanced Audio Features

The Advanced audio features of the Advanced Multimedia Supplements (AMMS) give the application programmer tools for creating effects such as 3D audio localization, reverb, and equalizer (EQ).

Advanced audio features are covered by the controls in javax.microedition.amms.control.audio3d and javax.microedition.amms.control.audioeffect packages and Spectator, EffectModule, SoundSource3D and GlobalManager in javax.microedition.amms package.

The following table lists which objects typically support which audio Controls (if they are available); 3D marks that the case is mandatory in 3D Audio Capability, M marks that the case is mandatory in Music Capability, and X marks optional cases:

Global-
Manager		 Effect-
Module		 Sound-
Source3D		 Player MIDIChannel-
Control		 Spectator Media-
Processor

javax.microedition.amms.control:
AudioFormatControl      

X

    

X
ContainerFormatControl      

X

    

X
EffectOrderControl

X

X

  

X

X

  

X
MidiChannelControl      

X

      
PanControl

X

X

  

X

X

  

X
PriorityControl      

X

      

javax.microedition.amms.control.audio3d:

CommitControl

X

            
DirectivityControl    

X

        
DistanceAttenuationControl    

3D

        
DopplerControl    

X

    

X

  
LocationControl    

3D

    

3D

  
MacroscopicControl    

X

        
ObstructionControl    

X

        
OrientationControl          

3D

  

javax.microedition.amms.control.audioeffect:

AudioVirtualizerControl

X

X

  

X

      
ChorusControl

X

X

  

X

X

  

X
EqualizerControl

M

X

  

X

X

  

X
ReverbControl

3D

          

X
ReverbSourceControl  

X

X

        

Camera and Video Features

Camera and video features are covered by the Controls in javax.microedition.amms.control.camera and javax.microedition.amms.control.imageeffect packages.

Tuner Features

The API provides interfaces for using tuner features such as audio radio playback and access for Radio Data System (RDS) features.

TunerControl is the main class for controlling a tuner. It is used to control, for instance, the frequency and modulation used. The channel presets of the device are also accessed via TunerControl.

The tuner features are covered by the Controls in javax.microedition.amms.control.tuner package.

Effects Framework

The means of specifying effects and their order is here loosely called the Effects Framework. The framework allows

The central parts of this mechanism are the EffectModule and SoundSource3D modules. The key difference between the two is that the EffectModule is meant for effects in general and the SoundSource3D is meant for representing a sound source in virtual acoustics. 3D audio Controls can only be fetched from a SoundSource3D. The primary reason to differentiate 3D processing from the rest of the effects and to not, for example, inherit the SoundSource3D from the EffectModule is that allowing 3D audio processing on any Module would increase the complexity of the practical implementations of effects network.

EffectModules and SoundSource3Ds are created by the GlobalManager.

Media Post-processing

The MediaProcessor takes care of the post-processing of media. It is not a Player, but merely lets the application specify a source media and several post-processing effects to be applied to it. This way, we can also reuse the effects framework for post-processing and yet avoid the conceptual inelegance of "playing", for example, still images through a Player.

The media post-processing using a MediaProcessor does not follow the media time, but is instead usually faster.

The media post-processing features are covered by the following interfaces:

Managing Formats

The API provides a way to control the media storage format with

Media Player Priorities

The API allows the user to set priorities for Players via the following interface:

Media Capabilities

Media capabilities specify the minimum functionality for a certain functional feature. Media capabilities can be queried by the application by System property supports.mediacapabilities.

Any legal JSR-234 implementation MUST support at least one media capability.

Music Capability

3D Audio Capability

The Player related features listed here do not necessary apply for other than Players of monophonic linear WAV with a sample rate of 16 kHz and 16 bits per sample.

Image Encoding Capability

EffectControls listed here do not necessarily apply for anything else than MediaProcessors for Image objects of the implementing UI technology.

Image Post-Processing Capability

EffectControls listed here do not necessarily apply for anything else than MediaProcessors for JPEG images and Image objects of the implementing UI technology.

Camera Capability

The Player below relates to a Player created with a method call Manager.createPlayer("capture://video");.

Tuner Capability

System Properties

The API has some properties that can be queried by System.getProperty(String key). Currently, the following keys are defined as follows:

Key Description
microedition.amms.version The String returned designates the version of the AMMS specification that is implemented. It is "1.0" for this version of the specification.
supports.mediacapabilities The String returned specifies the supported capabilities, delimited by one whitespace (Unicode U+0020). At least one of the possible values MUST be returned.

The possible values are:

  • music
  • audio3d
  • imageencoding
  • imagepostprocessing
  • camera
  • tuner
tuner.modulations The String returned specifies the supported tuner modulation settings for which a Player can be created. Returned modulations are delimited by one whitespace (Unicode U+0020). If no modulations are supported, the tuner.modulations returns null.

TunerControl specifies the following constants, but supported modulations are not limited to these:

  • fm for FM audio radio
  • am for AM audio radio
audio.samplerates The String returned specifies the recommended audio sampling rates in Hertzs, delimited by one whitespace (Unicode U+0020). Other sampling rates might be supported as well, but these are recommended. If the audio output is not supported, the audio.samplerates returns null.
audio3d.simultaneouslocations

The String returned specifies the maximum number of SoundSource3D modules that the application is recommended to have active simultaneously in a typical game playing situation when graphics rendering (2D or 3D) and reverberation are also taking place. A SoundSource3D module is active when it contains one or more Players in the PREFETCHED or STARTED states. The implementation does not guarantee that this number of SoundSource3Ds may be active simultaneously under all conditions; it is just a hint to the application. (It may even be possible for more than this number of SoundSource3Ds to be active simultaneously, but this is not guaranteed either.)

The number returned presumes that every active SoundSource3D has exactly one Player, and that the Player's content type is a monophonic linear WAV with a sample rate of 16 kHz and 16 bits per sample.

camera.orientations The String returned specifies the orientations of the cameras of the device. The String consists of orientations per device, delimited by one whitespace (Unicode U+0020). The String for orientation is in a form device_name : orientation without whitespace characters.

An example of a returned String: "devcam0:outwards devcam1:inwards".

The orientation values can be the following:

  • inwards (The camera is pointing towards the user when the device is held in a natural way.)
  • outwards (The camera is pointing away from the user when the device is held in a natural way.)
  • unknown (The pointing direction of the camera is user configurable or cannot be known for some other reason.)
If no cameras are supported, the camera.orientations returns null. Default camera (capture://video) is listed first in the String.

camera.resolutions The String returned specifies the sensor sizes of the cameras of the device. The String consists of sensor sizes per device, delimited by one whitespace (Unicode U+0020). The String for a sensor size is in a form device_name : width x height without whitespace characters.

An example of a returned String: "devcam0:1024x768 devcam1:640x480".

If no cameras are supported, the camera.resolutions returns null. Default camera (capture://video) is listed first in the String.

Security Considerations

The Advanced Multimedia Supplements Security addendum defines the security requirements for the Advanced Multimedia Supplements API.

Usage Scenarios

This section provides some common scenarios of how the API could be used.

Scenario 1: Advanced Audio Scene Creation

The code sample below creates an audio scene by using two sounds.

The first sound (Player p1) is placed 10 meters in front of the listener and the second sound (Player p2) is placed 5 meters to the right. Since 3D audio controls can only be accessed by using a SoundSource3D module, both Players are attached to their own SoundSource3D objects and the LocationControls are fetched from them and the Players are set to their positions.

After that, the listener is set to the origin by using the Spectator. The listener is by default in the origin but the part of the code, which sets the location, can be used to test different locations for the listener. Finally, a reverb effect is created by using ReverbControl from the GlobalManager and the reverb mode is set to alley.

//
// creates two sound sources into an alley
//
void createAudioScene() {
  try {
    Player p1 = Manager.createPlayer("http://foo.bar/abc.wav");
    Player p2 = Manager.createPlayer("http://foo.bar/def.wav");
    p1.realize();
    p2.realize();
  
    //set the source one 10 meters away to the front
    SoundSource3D source1 = GlobalManager.createSoundSource3D();
    source1.addPlayer(p1);
		
    LocationControl locSource1;
    locSource1 = (LocationControl)
      source1.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.audio3d.LocationControl");
    if(locSource1 != null) {
      locSource1.setCartesian(0, 0, -10000); 
    }
  
    //set the source two 5 meters away to the right
    SoundSource3D source2 = GlobalManager.createSoundSource3D();
    source2.addPlayer(p2);
    LocationControl locSource2;
    locSource2 = (LocationControl)
      source2.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.audio3d.LocationControl");
    if(locSource2 != null) {
      locSource2.setCartesian(5000, 0, 0); 
    }
  
    // set the listener to origin (not actually necessary,
    // because that's the default location)
    LocationControl locSpectator;
    Spectator spectator = GlobalManager.getSpectator();
    locSpectator = (LocationControl)
      spectator.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.audio3d.LocationControl");
    if(locSpectator != null) {
      locSpectator.setCartesian(0, 0, 0); 
    }
  
    // set global reverb
    ReverbControl reverb;
    reverb = (ReverbControl)
      GlobalManager.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.audioeffect.ReverbControl");
    if(reverb != null) {
      reverb.setPreset("alley");
      reverb.setEnabled(true);
    }
  
    p1.prefetch(); //not necessary
    p2.prefetch(); //not necessary
    p1.start();
    p2.start();
  } catch (MediaException pe) {
  } catch (IOException ioe) {
  }
}

Scenario 2: Tuner

The example below demonstrates some tuner features including RDS. 

import javax.microedition.media.*;
import javax.microedition.amms.control.tuner.*;
import java.util.Date;

public class TunerExample {

  Player radioPlayer;
  TunerControl tunerControl;
  RDSControl rdsControl;


  /**
   * Initializes and switched on the radio.
   */
  void initializeRadio() {
    try {
      radioPlayer = Manager.createPlayer("capture://radio");
      radioPlayer.realize();

      radioPlayer.addPlayerListener(new MyPlayerListener(this));

      tunerControl = (TunerControl)
        radioPlayer.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.tuner.TunerControl");
      tunerControl.setStereoMode(TunerControl.STEREO);


      // Then, let's get the RDSControl:
      rdsControl = (RDSControl)
        radioPlayer.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.tuner.RDSControl");

      if(rdsControl != null) {
        //Let's turn on the automatic switching
        //to possible traffic announcements:
        rdsControl.setAutomaticTA(true); 
      }

      radioPlayer.start();

      // Now that the radio is on let's first find a radio station
      // by seeking upwards from 91.0 MHz:
      int freq = tunerControl.seek(910000, TunerControl.MODULATION_FM, true);
      if(freq==0) {
        // no FM broadcasting found, do some error handling here...
        return;
      }
      
    } catch (MediaException me) {
    } catch (IOException ioe) {
    }
  }

  /**
   * Shows on the console some RDS data.
   * This method is called from MyPlayerListener.
   */ 
  void updateRDSDisplay() {
    if(rdsControl != null) {
      
      String channelName = rdsControl.getPS();
      String radioText = rdsControl.getRT();
      String programmeType = rdsControl.getPTYString(true);

      // update the application UI to show the information:
      System.out.println(channelName + ", " + radioText);
      System.out.println("genre:" + programmeType);
      
      Date date = rdsControl.getCT();
      if(date != null) {
        System.out.println("The local time is " + date);
      }
    }
  }

}

/**
 * Listens RDS_NEW_DATA events and calls TunerExample.updateRDSDisplay
 * when such an event is received.
 */
class MyPlayerListener implements PlayerListener {

  TunerExample tunerExample;

  public MyPlayerListener(TunerExample tunerExample) {
    this.tunerExample = tunerExample;
  }

  public void playerUpdate(Player player,
                           java.lang.String event,
                           java.lang.Object eventData) {
    if(event == RDSControl.RDS_NEW_DATA) {
      tunerExample.updateRDSDisplay();
    } 
  }

}

Scenario 3: Camera

The example below demonstrates some camera features. 

import javax.microedition.media.*;
import javax.microedition.amms.control.*;
import javax.microedition.amms.control.camera.*;

public class CameraExample {

  Player p;
  CameraControl cameraControl;
  FlashControl flashControl;
  FocusControl focusControl;
  ZoomControl zoomControl;
  SnapshotControl snapshotControl;
  ImageFormatControl imageFormatControl;
   
  /**
   * Initializes and switches on the camera.
   */
  void initializeCamera() {

    try {
      p = Manager.createPlayer("capture://video");
      p.realize();

      //Activate viewfinder here using MMAPI's VideoControl if needed.

      p.start();
    } catch (MediaException me) {
    } catch (IOException ioe) {
    }

    //Switch to night exposure mode:
    cameraControl = (CameraControl)
      p.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.camera.CameraControl");
    try {
      cameraControl.setExposureMode("night");
    } catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {
      //Night mode not supported.
      //It is actually recommended to use
      //CameraControl.getSupportedExposureModes instead of this try-catch.
    }
    
    
    // Then, let's turn on the flash:
    flashControl = (FlashControl)
      p.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.camera.FlashControl");
    if(flashControl != null) {
      //Let's turn on the flash and use its red eye reduction:
      try {
        flashControl.setMode(FlashControl.FORCE_WITH_REDEYEREDUCE); 
      } catch(IllegalArgumentException e) {
        //FORCE_WITH_REDEYEREDUCE not supported.
        //It is recommended to use FlashControl.getSupportedModes
        //instead of a try-catch.
      }
    }
    
    
    // Use autofocus if it is available:
    focusControl = (FocusControl)
      p.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.camera.FocusControl");
    if(focusControl != null) {
      if(focusControl.isAutoFocusSupported()) {
        try {
          focusControl.setFocus(FocusControl.AUTO); 
        } catch(MediaException e) {
          //Shouldn't happen.
        }
      }
    }
    
    // Then, let's zoom in:
    zoomControl = (ZoomControl)
      p.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.camera.ZoomControl");
    if(zoomControl != null) {
      int maxOpticalZoom = zoomControl.getMaxOpticalZoom();
      if(maxOpticalZoom > 100) {
        //optical zoom is supported; let's have maximum zoom in:
        zoomControl.setOpticalZoom(maxOpticalZoom);
      } else {
        //optical zoom isn't supported; let's try to set digital 3.5x zoom.
        //The actual value set might be something else
        //if exactly 3.5x magnification is not supported
        if(zoomControl.getMaxDigitalZoom() >= 350) {
          zoomControl.setDigitalZoom(350);
        }
      }
    }

    //Set up snapshotControl:
    snapshotControl = (SnapshotControl)
      p.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.camera.SnapshotControl");
    if(snapshotControl != null) {
      snapshotControl.setFileSuffix(".jpg");
      snapshotControl.setFilePrefix("testimage");
      //The default directory is used
    }

    //Set up snapshot format:
    imageFormatControl = (ImageFormatControl)
      p.getControl("javax.microedition.amms.control.ImageFormatControl");
    if(imageFormatControl != null) {
      imageFormatControl.setFormat("image/jpeg");
      imageFormatControl.setParameter(FormatControl.PARAM_VERSION_TYPE,
                                      "JPEG");
      //JPEG quality:
      imageFormatControl.setParameter(FormatControl.PARAM_QUALITY, 80);
      
      int imageSizeInBytes = imageFormatControl.getEstimatedImageSize();
      //Use this info to calculate, for example, how many
      //images user can store into the file system.
    }
    
  }

    
  /**
   * Takes a snapshot (non-blocking).
   * Use a PlayerListener to listen to SnapshotControl.SHOOTING_STOPPED
   * events to find out when shooting is completed.
   */ 
  void takeSnapshot() {
    snapshotControl.start(1);
  }

}

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